Vitamin Encyclopedia

The definitive compendium of micronutrients, physiological mechanisms, and health manifestations.

Vitamin

Vitamin A

Retinoids (Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic Acid), Beta-carotene

An umbrella term for a group of fat-soluble retinoids essential for vision, gene expression, and immune function.

Vitamin

Vitamin D

Cholecalciferol (D3), Ergocalciferol (D2)

The 'sunshine vitamin' that functions as a hormone, essential for calcium and phosphorus homeostasis.

Vitamin

Vitamin C

Ascorbic Acid

A water-soluble vitamin known for its role in supporting the immune system and helping the body use iron.

Vitamin

Vitamin B12

Cobalamin

Essential for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis.

Mineral

Magnesium

Magnesium

A mineral involved in over 300 biochemical reactions in the body, including muscle and nerve function.

Mineral

Zinc

Zinc

A trace mineral essential for immune function, DNA synthesis, and wound healing.

Mineral

Iron

Ferrum

A component of hemoglobin, essential for oxygen transport in the blood.

Mineral

Calcium

Calcium

The most abundant mineral in the body, vital for bone health and muscle function.

Vitamin

Vitamin E

Alpha-tocopherol

A fat-soluble antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage and supports immune health.

Vitamin

Vitamin K2

Menaquinone

A fat-soluble vitamin that plays a critical role in bone health and blood clotting.

Supplement

Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA)

Thioctic Acid

A potent antioxidant that works in both water and fat-soluble environments. Often used for neuroprotection.

Supplement

Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR)

ALCAR

An amino acid derivative that helps the body produce energy and is important for heart and brain function.

Supplement

5-HTP

5-Hydroxytryptophan

A precursor to serotonin, used to support mood and sleep.

The Synergy Network

Micronutrients do not function in isolation. Their efficacy is governed by a complex web of interactions that can enhance or inhibit their biological utility.

Critical Synergies

  • Vit D + CalciumD is required for active calcium transport
  • Vit C + IronC boosts non-heme iron absorption significantly
  • Vit D3 + K2Directs calcium to bones, preventing arterial calcification

Major Antagonisms

  • Calcium + IronCalcium inhibits absorption of both iron forms
  • Zinc + CopperHigh zinc triggers copper deficiency via metallothionein
  • Vit C + B12Very high C may diminish B12 availability